UNIDROIT principles of international commercial contracts : an article-by-article commentary /

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Hlavní autor: Brödermann, Eckart, 1958- (Autor)
Typ dokumentu: Kniha
Jazyk:Angličtina
Vydáno: Alphen aan den Rijn : Wolters Kluwer Law International, 2023
Vydání:Second edition
Témata:
mezinárodní obchodní smlouvy
smluvní právo
právo mezinárodního obchodu
mezinárodní obchod
obchodní smlouvy
commercial treaties
contract law
international trade law
international trade
trade agreements
e-knihy online
e-books online
On-line přístup:Elektronická verze přístupná pouze pro studenty a pracovníky MU
Příbuzné jednotky:Tištěná verze:: UNIDROIT principles of international commercial contracts : an article-by-article commentary
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Obsah:
  • Intro
  • Half Title
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • FOREWORD TO THE 2nd EDITION BY THE AUTHOR
  • PREFACE TO THE 1st EDITION 2018 BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE WORKING GROUP
  • THANK YOU
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • DEFINITIONS IN THE UnIDROIT PRINCIPLES
  • GLOSSARY OF LATIN TERMS
  • GLOSSARY OF FRENCH TERMS
  • RELEVANT SUPPLEMENTARY SOFT LAW &amp
  • DOCUMENTS
  • MATERIALS: Preparatory work of UnIDROIT (Legislative History)
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • RELEVANT WEBSITES
  • WORKING GROUPS
  • UnIDROIT PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS 2016
  • TABLE OF CORRESPONDENCE OF THE ARTICLES OF THE 1994, 2004, 2010 and 2016 EDITIONS OF THE UnIDROIT PRINCIPLES
  • Introduction to the UnIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts ("PICC")
  • A. A Wake-Up Call
  • B. Conception
  • C. A Practitioner's Perspective
  • D. Wording of the Choice of the Unidroit Principles Clause
  • E. Cross-Cultural Background
  • F. Twelve and more Languages
  • G. Structure
  • H. Interpretation and Case Law
  • I. Limits of the Unidroit Principles
  • J. A General Note of Caution on Contract Perception
  • K. On this PICC-Commentary: Background, Goals, Language, Method and Materials
  • 1. Background
  • 2. Goals
  • 3. Language
  • 4. Method and Materials
  • L. Burden of Proof
  • M. A Recommendation and an Invitation
  • Preamble (Purpose of the Principles)
  • A. Purposes Defined in the Preamble
  • 1. Para. 1: General rules for international commercial contracts
  • 2. Para. 2: Choice of Unidroit Principles as governing contractual regime
  • 3. Para. 3: Application of Unidroit Principles to supplement a more general choice of the parties
  • 4. Para. 4: Application of Unidroit Principles in the absence of any choice of law
  • 5. Para. 5: Use of Unidroit Principles to interpret or supplement international uniform law instruments.
  • 6. Para. 6: Use of Unidroit Principles to interpret or supplement domestic law
  • 7. Para. 7: The Unidroit Principles as a model for legislators
  • B. Other Purposes
  • 1. Incorporation
  • 2. A Tool for Contract Drafting
  • 3. A Contribution to Harmonisation of Private Contract Law
  • Annex to Preamble - UnIDROIT Principles as General Principles of International Commercial Contract Law
  • A. Introduction
  • B. Wording and Purpose of the Preamble
  • C. Universally Compatible Contents
  • D. A History of Comparative Legal Research and Compromise
  • E. International Practice
  • I. International Arbitration
  • 1. Arbitral Awards Using the Unidroit Principles as an Expression of General Principles of Contract Law
  • 2. An Arbitral Award Using the UnIDROIT Principles as Anglo-Saxon Principles of Law
  • 3. Arbitral Awards using the UnIDROIT Principles as a Toolto Supplement the Application of International Uniform Law Instruments
  • 4. Arbitral Awards using the UnIDROIT Principles as a Tool to Confirm or Supplement the Interpretation or Application of a National Law
  • 5. Arbitral Awards Using UnIDROIT Principles as an Expression of Customs or Usages of International Trade or lex mercatoria
  • 6. Arbitral Awards Applying the UnIDROIT Principles by Party Agreement
  • II. Application by National Courts
  • 1. The UnIDROIT Principles as General Principles of Law before National Courts
  • 2. National Courts using the UnIDROIT Principles to Supplement International Instruments
  • 3. National Courts using the UnIDROIT Principles as a Tool to Confirm or Supplement the Interpretation or Application of a National Law
  • F. An Emerging Opinio Iuris
  • I. UNCITRAL Resolutions
  • II. Endorsements by International Lawyers' Organisations
  • III. Academic Writing
  • G. Assessment
  • H. Options for Practitioners
  • I. International Arbitration
  • II. International Litigation.
  • III. International Contracting: Use of a Descriptive Choice of the Unidroit Principles Clause Emphasising their Character as General Principles of Law
  • Chapter 1 General Provisions
  • Article 1.1 (Freedom of contract)
  • A. The First of a Series of Fundamental Principles
  • B. Freedom of Contract
  • C. Limits
  • Article 1.2 (No form required)
  • A. Principle of Informality
  • B. Limits
  • C. Options
  • Article 1.3 (Binding character of contract)
  • A. Pacta sunt servanda
  • B. Limits
  • C. Options
  • Article 1.4 (Mandatory rules)
  • A. Priority of Private International Law with Respect to Mandatory Law
  • B. Applicability of Different Kinds of Mandatory Law Depending on the Dispute Resolution Forum
  • 1. Restriction of the Scope of Mandatory Laws in Case of Combination of the Unidroit Principles with an Arbitration Clause
  • 2. More Mandatory Law in Case of Combination of the Unidroit Principles with a Choice of Court Clause
  • C. Effects
  • Article 1.5 (Exclusion or modification by the parties)
  • A. Party Autonomy Emphasised
  • B. Limits of Mandatory Principles
  • Article 1.6 (Interpretation and supplementation of the Principles)
  • A. A Modern Standard Rule on Interpretation (Para. 1)
  • 1. A Global Approach to Interpretation
  • 2. On Interpretation
  • B. Supplementation of the Unidroit Principles with Due Regard to the Underlying General Principles (Para. 2)
  • 1. On Supplementation
  • 2. The Underlying General Principles
  • Article 1.7 (Good faith and fair dealing)
  • A. Good Faith and Fair Dealing as a Mandatory Core of the Unidroit Principles pursuant to Art. 1.5 and 1.6 (2)
  • B. Standard and Options
  • C. Limited Practical Relevance
  • Article 1.8 (Inconsistent behaviour)
  • A. Part of the Mandatory Core of the Unidroit Principles Pursuant to Art. 1.5
  • B. Priority of More Detailed Principles
  • C. Examples.
  • D. Remedies: Art. 1.8 as a Sword
  • E. Options
  • Article 1.9 (Usages and practices)
  • A. Two Kinds of Usages and a Limit
  • B. Hierarchy
  • C. Proof and Options
  • Article 1.10 (Notice)
  • A. Risk Allocation to the Sender
  • B. Abusive Prevention of Giving Notice
  • C. Withdrawal of a Notice
  • Article 1.11 (Definitions)
  • A. A Few Key Definitions
  • B. Further Definitions in the Unidroit Principles
  • Article 1.12 (Computation of time set by parties)
  • A. Impact of Holidays etc.
  • B. Relevant Time Zone
  • C. Options and Interpretation
  • Chapter 2 Formation and Authority of Agents
  • Section 1 Formation
  • Article 2.1.1 (Manner of formation)
  • A. Beyond the Traditional Approach to Contract Formation
  • 1. The Classical Offer-and-Acceptance Test
  • 2. Conduct Sufficient to Show Agreement
  • B. A 'Relaxed' Approach towards Contract Negotiation
  • C. Options: Form
  • D. 'Sham' or 'Simulation'
  • Article 2.1.2 (Definition of offer)
  • A. Sufficient 'Definiteness' plus 'Intention'
  • B. Interrelationship of the Two Criteria
  • Article 2.1.3 (Withdrawal of offer)
  • A. Para. 1 is Declaratory
  • B. Any Withdrawal Must be Clear
  • Article 2.1.4 (Revocation of offer)
  • A. An International Middle Ground
  • B. A Self-Explanatory Principle with two exceptions
  • Article 2.1.5 (Rejection of offer)
  • A. Interpretation of Possibly Implicit Rejections
  • B. Termination of an Offer by Other Means
  • Article 2.1.6 (Mode of acceptance)
  • A. Function and Systematic Place of the Principle
  • B. When Does the Offeree's Expression of Assent Amount to Acceptance?
  • 1. The Basic Principle in Para. 1 Sentence 1
  • 2. Conduct without Notice (Para. 3)
  • 3. Possible Impact of Silence (Para. 1 Sentence 2)
  • C. When Does the Offeree's Expression of Assent Become Effective to Establish a Binding Contract?
  • D. Options
  • Article 2.1.7 (Time of acceptance).
  • A. Impact of Time
  • B. 'Oral' Offer
  • C. Risk Allocation
  • Article 2.1.8 (Acceptance within a fixed period of time)
  • A. Calculation of Relative Time Periods
  • B. Uncertainty of Time of Dispatch
  • Article 2.1.9 (Late acceptance. Delay in transmission)
  • A. Principle (Para. 1)
  • B. Exception (Para. 2)
  • Article 2.1.10 (Withdrawal of acceptance)
  • A. Self-Explanatory Addendum to 2.1.6(2)
  • Article 2.1.11 (Modified acceptance)
  • A. Modifications in the Acceptance Notice Generate a Counter-Offer
  • B. But Non-Material Alterations Generate a Duty on the Offeror to Speak Up
  • C. Options for the Offeror
  • D. Special Rule for Standard Terms
  • Article 2.1.12 (Writings in confirmation)
  • A. Exception: Changes Contained in Written 'Confirmations of the Contract' Might Alter a Contract
  • B. Burden of Proof and Test
  • C. An International Compromise
  • D. Options
  • Article 2.1.13 (Conclusion of contract dependent on agreement on specific matters or in a particular form)
  • A. Freedom to Insist on Substantive or Formal Specifics
  • B. Waiver
  • Article 2.1.14 (Contract with terms deliberately left open)
  • A. Possible Contract Conclusion Despite a Term Deliberately Left Open
  • B. Three Requirements for Contract Conclusion
  • C. Three Contractual Options (Para. 1)
  • D. Alternative Means (Para. 2)
  • 1. Alternative Means contained in the UnIDROIT Principles
  • 2. Special Circumstances (Long-term Contracts)
  • 3. Contractual Options
  • 4. Arbitration
  • Article 2.1.15 (Negotiations in bad faith)
  • A. Avoiding a Cultural Clash, Functions of Art. 2.1.15
  • B. Bad Faith Examples
  • C. Damage Calculation, Burden of Proof
  • D. Options
  • Article 2.1.16 (Duty of confidentiality)
  • A. Implied or Express Duty of Confidentiality (Sentence 1)
  • B. Remedies (Sentence 2)
  • Article 2.1.17 (Merger clauses).
  • A. Another Contribution to Cross Cultural Understanding.

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